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C00002 00002	WORKING OUTLINE: PROPOSAL TO NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
C00005 00003	    B. Simulation of Reverberant Spaces and Localized Sound Sources
C00010 00004	III. Research Facilities
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WORKING OUTLINE: PROPOSAL TO NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

I.  Justifications
II. Proposal - Perceptual Modeling Through Computer Simulation of 
    Natural Auditory Signals and Reverberant Spaces
    A. Simulation of Music Instrument Tones
	1. Analysis-Based Additive Synthesis
  	    a. Synthesis and Analysis Techniques
		(1) Synthesis
		(2) Analysis for Additive Synthesis
		(3) Graphic Techniques
	    b. Perceptual Validation of Analysis-Synthesis Strategy
  	    c. Data Reduction and Modification
		(1) Goals of Data Reduction and Modification
		(2) Filtering of Signals to Localize Perceptual Cues
		(3) Line-Segment Date Reduction
	    d. Future Research
		(1) Wider Range of Timbres
		(2) Systematic Exploration of Data Reduction Techniques
		(3) Automatic Data Reduction Algorithms
		(4) Higher-Order Algorithms
	2. Frequency Modulation Synthesis
	    a. Synthesis and Analysis Techniques
		(1) Synthesis
		(2) FM predictive Analysis and Graphic Techniques
	    b. Perceptual Correlates FM Technique
		(1) Simple Equation
		(2) Extended equation e.g. multiple
		    carrier and modulation frequencies
	    c. Future Research
		(1) simulation of fixed resonances
		(2) mapping algorithms
		(3) non-periodic tones
	3. Formulation of a General Model for Simulation
	    a.  Interaction Between Additive and FM Synthesis
	    b.	Future Reseach
		(1) Exploration of Subtractive Synthesis
		(2) Applications of Multidimensional Scaling
		    to Timbre Perception
		(3) Investigation of Categorical Perception
		(4) Automatic FM Mappings from Analyzed Signals
		    and Convergence of Approaches
    B. Simulation of Reverberant Spaces and Localized Sound Sources
	1. Simulation of Reverberant Spaces.
	    a. Artificial reverberation techniques.
		(1) All-pass unit reverberators.
		(2) All-pass reverberator. 
	    b. Perceptual correlates of all-pass reverberation.
		(1) Justification of colorless reverberation.
		(2) reverberation time, echo density etc.
		(3) Optimization for un-correlated reverberation.
	    c. Future Research.
		(1) Number and placement of speakers for
		    simulation of three dimensional spaces.
		(2) Localization of source as an indicator of room size.
		(3) Specific: Distance from source to nearest reflecting
			surface.
		(4) Acoustical `tuning' of the simulated space.
		    (a) Spectral shaping filters.
		    (b) Generalized room response.
		    (c) Localized resonances to simulate complex spaces.
		(5) Perceptual scaling of environmental qualities.
		(6) Discriminability of distance, angle, velocity of
		    specific features of changing environments.
		(7) Higher level algorithms.
	2. Localization Cues in the Simulated Environment.
	    a. Simulation of Azimuth and Distance Cues
	    b. Moving Sources and Velocity Cue
	    c. Future Research
		(1) Azimuth
		(2) Distance

III. Research Facilities
     A. Existing Facilities
	1. Hardware Facilities at the Stanford AI Lab
	2. Existing Research Support Software
	    a. General-Purpose Programs
		(1) MUS10 sound compiler
		(2) Sound File Display and Editing
		(3) Function Generation and Editing
	    b. Programs for Music-Instrument Tone Research
	    C. Programs for Reverberation and Localization Research
     B. Proposed Facility
	1. Proposed Hardware Facility
	2. Proposed Software Development
IV.  Personnel
V. Budget
VI.Appendices
    A. The Hetrodyne Filter
    B. Unit Reverberators
	1. First order
	2. Second order
    C. Spectral Shaping Filters
	1. Resonators and Anti-Resonators
	2. The Comb Filter Family
    D. Multidimensional Scaling Techniques
    E. Frequency Modulation Paper - Chowning
    F. Simulation of Moving Sources and Localiztion Paper - Chowning
VII. References